Diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease and breast cancer early and effectively treating pancreatic cancer are three major health challenges. Recently, there have been breakthroughs that may transform the future for anyone contending with those issues, either personally or with someone they know.

• Detecting Alzheimer’s early: There’s now a blood test called SOBA that detects clumps of neuron-damaging amyloid beta protein. That could alert people early on to their increased risk for Alzheimer’s and allow them to take steps to reduce or reverse damage to their cognition. There are 40 steps we’ve written about in these columns and in “The Great Age Reboot” that can slow or reverse brain aging. Now that’s using your noodle.

Dr. Mike Roizen is the founder of www.longevityplaybook.com, and Dr. Mehmet Oz is global advisor to www.iHerb.com, the world’s leading online health store. Roizen and Oz are chief wellness officer emeritus at Cleveland Clinic and professor emeritus at Columbia University, respectively. Together they have written 11 New York Times bestsellers (four No. 1’s).